Suicide is a major cause of death in the USA and worldwide. Each year over 30,000 people in the USA and approximately 1 million people worldwide die by suicide. Suicide represents our society’s failure in treating mental health disorders and diseases. Suicide has changed my life and my family’s lives and legacies. My maternal grandmother, my mom, and my only son, Mitchell, all decided to take their own lives. Suicide deaths are like pipe bombs – they kill the person who detonated the bomb, and the collateral damage maims all those around him/her. Relationships of surviving family and friends are inflamed and changed forever, many times never recovering.

Adolescence and early adulthood are the times of greatest risk for first onset of suicide behavior. It is the 2nd leading cause of death in youth ages 10-24. Data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics shows that suicide rates in youth aged 10-24 have increased by 57% between 2007 and 2018 from 7 in every 100,000 people to 11. Other groups with increased risk of suicide, include those with mental disorders, military personnel and veterans, and physicians.

There are known risk factors for suicide and suicide behavior. Demographic risk factors for suicide include male sex, being non-Hispanic White or Native American, and being an adolescent or older adult. The presence of a psychiatric disorder is among the most consistently reported risk factors for suicide behavior. Mood, impulse-control, alcohol/substance use, psychotic, and personality disorders convey the highest risks for suicide and suicide behavior, and the presence of multiple disorders is associated with especially elevated risk.

Most theoretical models of suicide behavior propose a diathesis-stress model in which the psychiatric, psychological, and biologic factors (serotonin metabolism) predispose a person to suicidal behavior, while stressful life events interact with such factors to increase risk. Consistent with such a model, suicidal behaviors often are preceded by stressful events, including family and romantic conflicts and the presence of legal/disciplinary problems. The experience of persistent stress also may explain why persons in some occupations, such as physicians, military personnel, and police officers, may have higher rates of suicidal behavior; however, this increased risk may be explained by the demographic and personality characteristics of people who select such occupations.

Prevention and treatment of physical diseases and disorders have always been the top priority in the USA healthcare system. And we have made great strides in eradicating and treating many potentially deadly physical diseases, including infectious diseases, heart disease, and many types of cancers. Quality of life and longevity from physical diseases have improved dramatically. But that cannot be said for mental health disease. There are many reasons for this discrepancy. Physical diseases are more prevalent. Heart disease and cancer are the #1 and #2 leading causes of death. Most physical diseases can be seen, imaged, or measured with a blood test. On the contrary, mental and psychiatric disorders are often hidden or masked, many times behind the physical disorder created by the mental imbalance, for example, substance abuse. Most importantly, there has always been a stigma associated with mental health disorders.

Prevention programs exist and can be effective in reducing suicide rates. Programs that restrict access to lethal means and training physicians to recognize and treat depression and suicidal behavior have shown impressive effects in reducing suicide rates. Although effective prevention programs exist, the fact that many people engaging in suicidal behavior do not receive treatment of any kind underscores the need for greater dissemination of information and further development of prevention efforts.

There are protective factors that decrease the probability of an outcome in the presence of elevated risk. Studies show those with religious beliefs, religious practice, and spirituality have been associated with a decreased probability of suicide attempts. Perceptions of social and family support and connectedness have also been studied outside the context of religious affiliation and have been shown to be significantly associated with lower rates of suicidal behavior.

When a person commits suicide, their family and friends become victims of suicide. It is a major psychological trauma that is lifelong. Helping the victim family members and friends transform from suicide victim to suicide survivor is one of the goals of the Mom and Mitchell Foundation.

The collateral psychological damage to surviving family and friends is profound. There is blame and finger pointing. Communications between family members ease for years, and sometimes forever. The psychological injury and hurt from losing the suicide victim are compounded by the destruction of family relationships that occurs afterwards. Failure to properly grieve and understand the loss can lead to lifelong psychological conflict.

My 2 brothers and sister also lost their mother. My 2 brothers together have 6 children. Nine grandchildren never knew their grandmother. My sister, 3 years younger than me, decided not to have children. She thought would pass down the gene the ‘suicide’ gene.

Following our mother’s death in 1973, our mom’s side of the family essentially vanished. For the next 40 years, we had no contact or communication with our 3 uncles/aunts and their children (6 cousins). Approximately 15 years ago, one of our female cousins who we had not met, Faith Catherine Warren, became interested in knowing the person she was named after. She reached out, re-establishing a family connection. This relationship has been personally beneficial, but the scars from the earlier years remain.

It takes time, spirituality, and insight to make transition from suicide victim to survivor. And, it is not always straightforward and linear. Some people never make the transition to survivor, and they continue struggling as a victim. My brother, David, took his experience as a survivor and made a positive difference. He became an elementary school counselor, helping high-risk kids and families deal with suicide, addiction, abuse, and all that goes with it. He has had thousands of conversations that were only possible and credible because he was a “survivor”.

In many ways, this organization represents my quest for redemption. Redemption comes with helping others and helping others help themselves. After practicing medicine for almost 40 years, one observation stands out. People are more anxious. Living is causing more anxiety. Learning how to build mental resilience and develop more effective treatments for mental health disorders are needed now more than ever. Please join us in fostering mental wellness and happy minds.